Following are the easy to analyze ICMP, TCP and UDP packet headers along with short description.
All header Drawings by- "Matt Baxter" (www.fatpipe.org/~mjb/Drawings/)
ICMP Message Types :- ICMP message type-code/name format
0 Echo Reply
3 Destination Unreachable
4 Source Quench
5 Redirect
8 Echo
11 Time Exceeded
12 Parameter Problem
13 Timestamp
14 Timestamp Reply
15 Information Request
16 Information Reply
Checksum :- The checksum is the 16-bit ones's complement of the one's complement sum of the ICMP message starting with the ICMP Type.
RFC 792 :- Please refer to RFC 792 for Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Specification.
| TCP Flags :- C E U A P R S F |
| C 0x80 Reduced (CWR) |
| E 0x40 ECN Echo (ECE) |
| U 0x20 Urgent |
| A 0x10 Ack |
| P 0x08 Push |
| R 0x04 Reset |
| S 0x02 Syn |
| F 0x01 Fin |
| TCP Options :- |
| 0 End of Options List |
| 1 No Operation (NOP, Pad) |
| 2 Maximum Segment Size |
| 3 Window Scale |
| 4 Selective ACK ok |
| 8 Timestamp |
Checksum :- Checksum of entire TCP segment and pseudo header (parts of IP header)
Offset :- Number of 32-bit words in TCP header, minimum value of 5. Multiply by 4 to get byte count.
RFC 793 :- Please refer to RFC 793 for Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) Specification.
Source Port :- an optional field, when meaningful, it indicates the port of the sending process, and may be assumed to be the port to which a reply should be addressed in the absence of any other information. If not used, a value of zero is inserted.
Destination Port :- Destination Port has a meaning within the context of a particular internet destination address.
Length :- Length is the length in octets of this user datagram including this header and the data. (This means the minimum value of the length is eight.)
Checksum :- Checksum is the 16-bit one's complement of the one's complement sum of a pseudo header of information from the IP header, the UDP header, and the data, padded with zero octets at the end (if necessary) to make a multiple of two octets.
RFC 768 :- Please refer to RFC 768 for User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Specification.
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